第三十四章

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陈牧：寡人愿闻，为国之道，先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，民不失其所务，则利之也；农不失其时业，则成之也；省刑罚，则生之也；薄赋敛，则与之也；无多宫室台池，则乐之也；吏清不苛，则喜之也；民失其务，则害之也；农失其时，则败之也；无罪而罚，则杀之也；重赋敛，则夺之也；多营宫室游观以疲民，则苦之也；吏为苛扰，则怒之也。故善为国者，御民如父母之爱子，如兄之慈弟也。见之饥寒，则为之哀；见之劳苦，则为之悲。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chenmu：Iwanttoknow，Howtogovernthecountry？Sirtaughtme。xiaofan：Ithink，Ifthepeoplehavejobs，thentheybenefit，Ifagriculturaltimeisnotdelayed，Thentherewillbeagoodharvest，Ifthepenaltyislighter，thenthefertilityratewillincrease，Ifthetaxesarelighter，thentheirincomewillincrease，Iftherearefewerengineeringprojects，thenthepeoplewillberelaxed，Ifofficialsarenotharsh，thenpeoplewillbehappy，Otherwise，peoplewillfallintomisery，Ifyouwanttogovernthecountrywell，Thenyouhavetotreatthepeopleasyourrelatives，Whentheyarehungryandcoldandmiserable，Youhavetoempathize。chenmu：Sirisright，Iacceptyourteachings。陈牧：寡人闻，治国之道，亦当权谋，先生何以教我？萧凡：臣以为，夫权谋有正有邪，君子之权谋正，小人之权谋邪。夫正者其权谋公，故其为百姓尽心也诚；彼邪者好私尚利，故其为百姓也诈。夫诈则乱，诚则平。是故尧之九臣诚而能兴于朝，其四臣诈而诛于野。诚者隆至后世，诈者当身而灭，能于权谋者，必察诚诈之原，而以处身焉。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chenmu：Iheard，Whengoverningacountry，strategyisalsoneeded，Sirtaughtmewhattodo？xiaofan：Ithink，Therearebothgoodandevilsidestostrategy，Agentlemanusesitwithjustice，Thevillainusesitwithevil，Gentlemenuseitforfairness，Theyworkforthewelfareofthepeoplewithasincereheart，Thevillainisselfishandgreedy，Theydeceivepeople，Ifdeception，thensocietywillfallintochaos，Ifitissincere，thenthesocietywillbestableandharmonious，Therefore，KingYupromotedsincerepeopleasministers，Andhekilledtreacherousandevilvillains，Onlysincerepeoplewillbecomefamousinthefuture，Treacherouspeoplewillgobankrupt，Thosewhousestrategymustupholdjusticeandsincerity。chenmu：Sirisright，Iacceptyourteachings。陈牧：今宫人颇多，寡人当如何处置？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，妇人优闭深宫，情实可愍。隋氏末年，求采无已，至于离宫别馆，非幸御之所，多聚宫人。此皆竭人财力，大王所不取也。且洒扫之余，更何所用？大王当出之，任求伉俪，非独以省费，兼以息人，亦各得遂其情性。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人谨受教。chenmu：Nowadays，therearemanyhandmaidsinthepalace，HowshouldIhandlethis？Sirtaughtme。xiaofan：Ithink，Itwaspitiful，theywerekeptinthepalace，AttheendoftheSuiDynasty，TheSuiEmperorrecruitedalargenumberofhandmaids，Moreover，thehandmaidswereplacedindifferentpalaces，Thatcostalotofmoneyandenergy，Youshouldnotimitatehim，Thereisnoneedtoarrangeforsomanypeopletohandlebasichouseholdchores，Youshouldreleasethemhometogetmarried，Thissavesmoneyandreassuresthepeople，Thisisalsoinlinewiththewillofthepeople。chenmu：Sirisright，Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。陈牧：今关中旱，天下大饥，寡人甚忧之，先生何以教我。萧凡：臣以为，今水旱之不调，皆为人君失德故也。百姓何罪，而遭灾厄，以至鬻男卖女，岂不哀哉，大王当出府库，遣宣慰使，以振困乏，赎其儿女，还尔父母，聊可解大王之过。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人谨受教。chenmu：Today，thereisadroughtinGuanzhongProvince，Theworldalsofellintofamine，Iamveryconcernedaboutthat，Sirtaughtmewhattodo？xiaofan：Ithink，Disasterhappenedbecausethekingdidnotdowell，Thepeopleareinnocent，buttheyhavesuffered，Youshouldreleasethetreasuryandsendemissariestothereliefofthepeople，Atthesametime，youshouldredeemtheirchildrenandreturnthemtotheirparents，Onlyinthiswaycanyourfaultbemitigated。chenmu：Sirisright，Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。陈牧：东汉名臣众多，何以亡也？先生教我。萧凡：臣以为，病之将死也，不可为良医；国之将亡也，不可为计谋。其臣数谏其君，而其君不用，是以知国之将亡也。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chenmu：DuringtheEasternHanDynasty，thereweremanytalents，However，thecountrystillwenttoextinction，Sirtaughtmewhy？xiaofan：Ithink，Thereisnocureforadyingperson，Evenwithgooddoctors，Evenifyourstrategyisexcellent，Norcanyousaveacountrythatisdying，TherearemanytalentsintheEasternHanDynasty，Theyalsokeptgivingadvicetotheking，Theywantedthekingtocorrecthismistakes，Butthekingdidnottaketheiradvice，Therefore，itwasinevitablethattheEasternHanDynastywouldperish。chenmu：Sirisright，Iacceptyourteachings。陈牧：寡人闻，蓬莱有仙人，吾欲求之，先生以为如何？萧凡：臣以为，神仙事本是虚妄，空有其名。秦始皇非分爱好，为方士所诈，乃遣童男童女数千人，随其入海求神仙。方士避秦苛虐，因留不归，始皇犹海侧踟蹰以待之，还至沙丘而死。汉武帝为求神仙，乃将女嫁道术之人，事既无验，便行诛戮。据此二事，神仙不烦妄求也。愿大王鉴之。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人受教矣。chenmu：Iheard，ThereareimmortalsinPenglai，Iwanttovisitthem，Sir，whatdoyouthink？xiaofan：Ithink，Immortalsareillusoryandhavenoentity，QinShiHuangwasveryobsessedwithimmortals，Therefore，hewasdeceivedbytheTaoistpriest，QinShiHuangsentthousandsofchildrentofollowXuFutotheseainsearchofimmortals，Aftergoingtosea，theTaoistpriestsrefusedtoreturnbecauseoftheharshlawsoftheQinDynasty，However，QinShiHuangstilllookedforwardtotheirreturn，Itwasunfortunatethathediedinthedunes，EmperorWudiofHanalsowantedtofindimmortals，HeevenmarriedhisdaughtertoaTaoistpriest，Finallythematterwasrevealed，andhekilledtheTaoistpriestwhohaddeceivedhim，Throughthesetwothings，youhavetounderstandthatimmortalsareillusory，Youhavetolearnfromit。chenmu：Sirisright，Iacceptyourteachings。陈牧：田征将军有平蜀之功，寡人欲赏以司隶校尉，先生以为如何？萧凡：臣以为，司隶校尉，董牧皇畿，吏责甚重，非所以优礼名将。光武不以吏事处功臣，实贵之也。征有廉、李之才，大王方委以征伐之事，北平契丹，南荡吴楚，征之任也，司隶何足以婴之！当进号镇军将军，位特进。陈牧：先生之言是也，寡人谨受教。chenmu：GeneralTianZhengpacifiedthestateofShu，Thisisagreatfeatforall，Therefore，IwouldliketoappointhimasaseniorcoloneloftheSiLi，Sir，whatdoyouthink？xiaofan：Ithink，TheseniorcoloneloftheSiLiisresponsibleforthesecurityofthecapital，Itsgovernmentaffairsareverycumbersome，Formeritoriousgenerals，thisisnotagoodapproach，EmperorGuangwudidnotallowthegeneralstohandlegovernmentaffairs，Theoriginalintentionwastomakethegeneralmorenoble，TianZhenghasthesametalentasLianPoandLiMu，Youshouldlethimworkinthearmy，HistaskwastopacifytheKhitanandChustates，Thegovernmentofficialpositionisnotworthyofhim，Youshouldappointhimasatownarmygeneral，Firstclassknighthood。chenmu：Sirisright，Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

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